An Elemental I/O resource is the software equivalent of a circuit in the hardware that performs I/O. Resources use pins to connect the circuits to the outside world. An I/O device can have many resources.
Elemental I/O resources bind the pins to the I/O classes. For example, the hardware an Elemental I/O device uses might have eight general purpose I/O pins that you can use for analog input, analog output, digital input, and digital output. You can bind a pin to a resource.